Citation Guide

How do I cite a book?     

Include:

• Author(s)

• Title and subtitle

• Illustrator, translator or other contributor  

• Series name (if applicable)

• Edition (if applicable)

• Publisher’s name and imprint

• Most recent copyright date

How do I cite a website?

Common elements to look for include:     

• Author

• Title of the article

• Editor of the page or site     

• Name of the Web site or Project

• Publisher or sponsor

• Date of the publication

• URL

• Date of access (when you used the website)

How do I cite audio files?

Common elements to look for include:

• Name of the musician or performer

• Title 

• Other contributors - (examples include: composer, conductor, narrator, producer)

• Date   

• Name of the Web site or Project

• Publisher or sponsor

• URL

• Date of access (when you used the website)

How do I cite an interview?

Common elements to look for:

• Name of the person interviewed

• Date the interview happened

How do I cite an image?

Common elements to look for include:     

• Artist

• Title of the artwork

• Date   

• Name of the Web site or Project

• Publisher or sponsor

• URL

• Date of access (when you used the website)

About In text citations:

In MLA, in-text citations are inserted in the body of your research paper to document the source of your information. In-text citations point the reader to more complete information in the works cited list at the end of the paper.

• In-text citations include the last name of the author followed by a page number enclosed in parentheses. 

  • Example: "Here's a direct quote" (Smith 8).

• If the author's name is not given, then use the first word or words of the title. Follow the same formatting that was used in the works cited list, such as quotation marks.

  • Example: This is a paraphrase ("Trouble" 22).

• Note: The period goes outside the brackets, at the end of your in-text citation.

What do I need to know to create MLA 9 citations? 

MLA (Modern Language Association) style is commonly used to write papers and cite sources within the liberal arts and humanities. 

This resource, updated to reflect the MLA Handbook (9th ed.), offers examples for the general format of MLA research papers, in-text citations, endnotes/footnotes, and the Works Cited page. Information provided by the Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL).

https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/mla_style/mla_formatting_and_style_guide/mla_formatting_and_style_guide.html

https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/

https://www.easybib.com/

https://style.mla.org/

 https://www.scientificstyleandformat.org/Tools/SSF-Citation-Quick-Guide.html

https://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html

https://guides.libraries.psu.edu/CSE